The article discusses various recent advancements in the field of photocatalysis, particularly focusing on artificial photosynthesis for sustainable fuel and chemical production. Researchers have made significant progress in harnessing artificial photosynthesis for energy conversion processes. Studies have explored direct electrosynthesis methods to produce pure aqueous H2O2 solutions, achieving concentrations up to 20%. Additionally, boron-doped nitrogen-deficient carbon nitride-based Z-scheme heterostructures have been developed for photocatalytic overall water splitting, showing promise for sustainable energy production. Furthermore, research efforts have led to the enhancement of hydrogen peroxide photosynthesis through techniques like the fluorination of covalent organic frameworks and the atomic-level tuning of catalysts for high-performance electrochemical H2O2 production. Novel photocatalytic materials such as nanographene-based two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks and azo-linked frameworks have been synthesized, demonstrating stability and efficiency in various photocatalytic applications. Covalent organic frameworks have been at the forefront of innovation, with studies showcasing their potential in sunlight-driven hydrogen evolution and photocatalytic CO2 reduction processes. The versatility of these frameworks extends beyond hydrogen peroxide and water splitting, highlighting their role in advancing sustainable energy technologies. Overall, the research in this area illustrates the potential of artificial photosynthesis to revolutionize fuel and chemical production for a more sustainable future.