The University of Wyoming conducted a study led by Haibo Zhai, examining the impacts of federal economic incentives on large-scale blue hydrogen production. The research focused on the evolution of production technologies and the expected outcomes regarding long-term expenses. This analysis, published in Nature Communications, looked at the implications of the DOE's Energy Earthshots Initiative, which aims to reduce hydrogen production costs by 80% to $1 per kilogram. The study emphasized the role of tax credits in promoting blue hydrogen projects and their alignment with the initiative's goals. Haibo Zhai highlighted the potential of blue hydrogen, produced from fossil fuels coupled with carbon sequestration, to lower production costs and emissions. The research incorporated experience curves to estimate future costs and assess various factors affecting the industry's evolution. Despite uncertainties, the study predicts that blue hydrogen projects will contribute to cost competitiveness and could further reduce expenses with extended tax incentives. Funding from the Hydrogen Energy Research Center at the University of Wyoming supported this study, showcasing the state's commitment to exploring a new hydrogen economy. Overall, the research emphasizes the importance of technology development, tax incentives, and infrastructure funding in advancing clean hydrogen systems and achieving economic competitiveness in the U.S. energy sector.