The world is facing an energy crisis due to the heavy reliance on finite fossil fuels, prompting the search for clean and renewable energy sources to meet the increasing demand sustainably. Hydrogen energy, with its abundant availability, zero emissions, and eco-friendly nature, is emerging as a frontrunner in this quest. Photocatalytic water splitting, a process that harnesses solar fuel to produce hydrogen, has shown promise in addressing the energy crisis. However, the development of efficient photocatalysts remains a key challenge due to issues like low surface area and charge recombination. Different methods like bio-photolysis and thermochemical water splitting offer alternatives for hydrogen production, each with its unique benefits and obstacles. While bio-photolysis is cleaner, challenges like low yield and scaling remain. Thermochemical water splitting faces hurdles in heat-resistant materials and high operating costs. Despite these challenges, the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution method is preferred for its cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, and environmental benefits. Researchers continue to explore innovative approaches to enhance the efficiency and scalability of hydrogen production through photocatalysis, paving the way for a sustainable energy future.