The article discusses several research studies focused on innovative approaches to methane conversion and hydrogen production. Researchers have explored direct, nonoxidative conversion of methane to ethylene, aromatics, and hydrogen using various catalytic methods. Studies have shown the potential of catalytic molten metals, selective anaerobic oxidation of methane, and photocatalytic processes in converting methane into valuable products. The development of catalytic co-ionic membrane reactors and cerium photocatalysis demonstrates efficient methane conversion to aromatics and higher alkanes. Moreover, the article highlights the advancements in photocatalysis for methane transformation under mild conditions, such as thermo-, electro-, or photocatalysis. These approaches offer environmentally friendly ways to produce hydrogen from methane. Plasmonic-metal nanostructures and hot carrier technology are also being investigated for their role in converting solar energy into chemical energy, which could be beneficial for hydrogen production. The research signifies a positive trend towards finding sustainable and efficient methods for methane conversion and hydrogen production. These innovative approaches not only contribute to the utilization of methane as a valuable feedstock but also hold promise for the renewable energy sector. Overall, the studies discussed in the article shed light on the potential of various catalytic processes and renewable energy technologies in advancing methane conversion and hydrogen production for a more sustainable future.