As the global energy demand rises, the quest for clean and sustainable alternatives intensifies. Hydrogen emerges as a crucial solution due to its high energy content and zero carbon emissions. Photocatalysis, particularly utilizing sunlight to split water into hydrogen, is a promising method for eco-friendly hydrogen production. Recent advancements focus on developing efficient photocatalysts to accelerate solar-powered hydrogen production. Nanoscale materials like hollow nanotubes and conjugated polymers have shown exceptional attributes for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency. Inorganic nanotubes aid in electron-hole pair separation and transfer, improving overall efficiency and durability. Conjugated polymer semiconductors stand out for their cost-effectiveness and high hydrogen evolution rates, showcasing potential in sustainable energy applications. Researchers have successfully synthesized novel polymer hybrids like BCN(x)@PPy, demonstrating enhanced hydrogen evolution through optimized structures. Challenges in synthetic processes, such as reproducibility and uniformity, remain to be addressed for widespread implementation in sustainable energy solutions.