Chinese scientists have made a groundbreaking advancement in lunar colonization by developing a method to produce water on the moon, addressing one of the most critical challenges faced by potential human settlers. While early beliefs suggested the moon was dry, recent missions unveiled the presence of water in lunar regolith, albeit in minimal concentrations. The team led by Prof. Wang Junqiang leveraged the solar-wind-implanted hydrogen on the moon along with oxygen in the regolith to produce water, achieving exceptional results. By inducing an endogenous reaction in lunar regolith samples brought back by the Chang’E-5 mission, the team successfully increased the water content significantly. This method, involving heating the regolith to release oxygen and facilitate its combination with hydrogen, yielded a remarkable increase in water content. The implications of this discovery are vast, ranging from sustaining human life with drinking water to enabling crop irrigation and providing essential elements for breathing and energy production. This breakthrough not only propels the idea of permanent lunar settlements but also sets the stage for future space exploration missions, potentially aiding endeavors like Mars colonization. The publication of the research in The Innovation signifies a major leap forward in space science, offering a glimpse into the promising future of sustainable human presence beyond Earth.