A recent study by TNO in the Netherlands delves into the energy transition needed post-2030 to meet tightened national and European climate targets. The study introduces two scenarios, ADAPT and TRANSFORM, focusing on sustainable energy systems with considerations for renewable sources, green hydrogen, and nuclear energy. TNO emphasizes the importance of energy-intensive industries in the Dutch economy and explores potential scenarios where companies may need to adjust production or relocate due to energy transition. The study also evaluates the cost-effectiveness of nuclear power plants in achieving climate objectives, highlighting the benefits in terms of lower system costs and promoting renewable energy generation. Additionally, the study discusses strategies for achieving negative emissions by replacing fossil carbon with sustainable alternatives like biocarbons and recycled plastics, showcasing the cost-effectiveness of storing biogenic CO2 from biomass. Overall, the study underscores the necessity of significant investments in energy transition, balanced by cost reductions from innovation and technology applications, to pave the way for a more sustainable energy system in the Netherlands.