The aviation industry plays a vital role in connecting global communities and driving economic growth, but its environmental impact, particularly in terms of climate change, is a growing concern. Aviation currently contributes 3.5 percent of human-caused climate impacts, with emissions from air travel doubling since the mid-1980s. To address this challenge, the International Civil Aviation Organization aims to achieve net-zero carbon emissions from global civil aviation by midcentury. Sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) are seen as a key solution in this transition. While SAFs derived from renewable sources or waste materials can significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions, their production and use remain limited. In the United States, only 0.13 percent of jet fuels consumed in 2023 were SAFs. Challenges such as high production costs, competition for raw materials, and concerns about land use change pose barriers to scaling up SAF production. To address these obstacles, various policies have been introduced, including tax credits for SAF producers, government initiatives to improve efficiency, and programs like the Renewable Fuel Standard. International efforts, such as the EU Emissions Trading System, further support the adoption of SAFs. This system caps emissions from flights within the European Economic Area, encouraging airlines to switch to SAFs or implement other emission-reducing measures. The collaboration between countries like the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, and Japan reflects a global commitment to promoting the use of SAFs and reducing the aviation industry's carbon footprint. While challenges persist, the momentum towards sustainable aviation fuels signals a positive step in combating climate change in the aviation sector.