The global production of hydrogen, primarily dominated by steam methane reforming and coal gasification, is facing scrutiny due to its reliance on non-renewable sources and the resulting CO2 emissions. However, with the world's increased focus on achieving net-zero carbon emissions, the demand for hydrogen is expected to surge drastically by 2050, calling for sustainable production methods. Water electrolysis, a technique dating back to the late 18th century, has emerged as a promising solution for eco-friendly hydrogen generation. Countries like Germany, Japan, Korea, and the United States are actively utilizing water electrolysis technology for various applications, contributing to the global shift towards green hydrogen. The evolution of water electrolysis from its historical milestones to its current role as a critical component in the hydrogen production ecosystem showcases the progress made in sustainable energy solutions. Additionally, the development of different electrolyzer types, including alkaline, PEM, solid oxide, and high-temperature electrolyzers, offers a diverse array of options for hydrogen production. Power electronics schemes are highlighted as essential elements in optimizing the efficiency and reliability of hydrogen extraction systems, further enhancing the transition to sustainable hydrogen production technologies.