Chemistry's Crucial Role in Driving Global Net Zero Emissions
Key Ideas
  • Global momentum towards net zero emissions is propelled by the Paris Agreement and commitments from over 70 countries and 3000 businesses.
  • Chemistry is instrumental in renewable energy advancements like perovskite solar cells, tandem solar cells, and organic photovoltaics.
  • Chemical innovations are essential for enhancing energy storage solutions such as lithium-ion batteries, flow batteries, and hydrogen storage methods.
  • Carbon capture, utilisation, and storage technologies rely on chemistry for advancements in carbon capture, membrane separation, and carbon utilisation processes.
The global shift towards achieving net zero emissions is gaining momentum with commitments from nations, industries, and organizations worldwide. Over 70 countries, including major economies like the US, China, and the EU, have pledged to achieve net zero emissions by mid-century. Similarly, over 3000 businesses, including Fortune 500 companies, have joined the UN's Race to Zero campaign with the same target year. While challenges like standardizing emissions measurement and ensuring equitable burden-sharing remain, the role of chemistry in reaching net zero goals is paramount. Chemistry drives advancements in renewable energy technologies, energy storage solutions, wind energy innovations, and carbon capture, utilisation, and storage (CCUS) technologies. In renewable energy, chemical research focuses on enhancing the efficiency and stability of technologies like perovskite solar cells, tandem solar cells, and organic photovoltaics. Energy storage advancements, especially in lithium-ion batteries and flow batteries, benefit from continuous chemical innovations. Additionally, the growing interest in hydrogen as an energy carrier requires chemistry for safe and efficient hydrogen storage methods. For wind energy, chemical innovations are crucial in developing advanced composites for turbine blades and corrosion-resistant coatings for offshore installations. CCUS technologies, essential for hard-to-abate sectors, rely on chemistry for improving carbon capture technologies, developing carbon utilisation processes, and exploring direct air capture (DAC) methods. Chemistry plays a vital role in driving global efforts towards achieving net zero emissions by contributing to innovative solutions across various sectors, highlighting the importance of scientific approaches in tackling climate change.
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