The article discusses the need for new, clean, and sustainable energy sources due to increasing energy demand and environmental concerns. It emphasizes the importance of exploring different energy sources like hydrogen, which can be produced using renewable energy and utilized for energy storage and conversion through fuel cells like PEMFCs. The advantages of PEMFCs include high reliability, low emissions, and quick response to demand changes, especially in powering hydrogen-fueled cars. The article highlights the significance of metaheuristic optimization methods, such as swarm-based and evolutionary algorithms, in accurately optimizing parameters for electrochemical energy conversion technologies. Various studies have optimized parameters for systems like PEMFCs and SOFCs using different algorithms to enhance their efficiency and performance. Additionally, the article introduces the Artificial Rabbit Optimization (ARO) algorithm, inspired by rabbit survival strategies, which is being applied in fields like energy management, medical applications, and solar cell design, showcasing the versatility of nature-inspired algorithms in solving complex optimization problems.