A report funded by the Scottish and UK governments, Project Willow, outlines the potential for creating up to 800 jobs at the Grangemouth site in the next 15 years as the UK's oldest oil refinery closes down. The report highlights opportunities for private investment in green industries such as sustainable aviation fuel, hydrogen production, and plastics recycling. While the closure of the loss-making refinery is leading to 400 job losses, there is optimism in the potential for job creation in areas like e-methanol and e-ammonia production for jet fuel and shipping, contingent on significant private investments. Additionally, the report emphasizes the importance of government interventions to bring down hydrogen production costs through electricity sector market reforms and to promote plant-based products for fuel production. The transition from oil to renewables at Grangemouth presents a challenging but hopeful prospect for the future. However, the success of this transition will depend on securing substantial private investments, implementing necessary reforms in the energy sector, and ensuring a just and fair shift towards green industries. The involvement and support of both the UK and Scottish governments will be crucial in realizing the potential for creating a sustainable and prosperous green industry at the Grangemouth site.