The global push towards greener transport is challenging industries to find sustainable solutions, including the rail sector. With a focus on reducing environmental impact, the rail industry is exploring alternatives to traditional diesel-powered trains. Hydrogen fuel cell technology is gaining traction, particularly in Germany where the Coradia iLint train combines hydrogen and oxygen in a fuel cell to generate electricity. Projects like Hydrail in Germany, the UK, and China are showcasing the potential of hydrogen-powered rail vehicles. Battery-powered locomotives have also seen advancements, with the UK's Network Rail testing the Class 379 Electrostar and Bombardier signing a contract to provide Talent 3 trains in Austria. These trains offer quieter and more efficient operations compared to diesel counterparts. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is being explored as a cleaner fuel option for railways, with Russian Railways and Spanish operator RENFE investing in LNG-powered locomotives. GE Transportation's natural gas retrofit kit is enabling locomotives to operate on a mix of natural gas and diesel, reducing emissions. GE's Tier 4 diesel engine is a notable development in meeting emissions regulations. The engine has shown a significant reduction in nitrogen oxides and particulate matter emissions, highlighting the industry's commitment to sustainability. Overall, the rail industry is embracing eco-friendly innovations like hydrogen fuel cells, battery power, LNG, and advanced diesel engines to create a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future for rail transport.