The Japanese science and technology ministry is taking significant steps to advance nuclear science and technology with the aim of achieving carbon neutrality and promoting green transformation. The ministry sees nuclear power as a crucial option in realizing these goals, especially amidst soaring energy prices due to geopolitical tensions. Plans include the development of new research reactors to replace aging ones, with a focus on next-generation advanced reactors that are safer, more efficient in fuel processing, and capable of producing hydrogen. The ministry intends to repurpose the Monju prototype fast breeder reactor site in Tsuruga for a new research reactor and aims to restart the Joyo experimental fast reactor in Ibaraki Prefecture. Additionally, there are plans to link high-temperature gas reactors in Oarai to hydrogen production facilities by 2030. These initiatives are part of a broader strategy outlined by the ministry to strengthen Japan's energy security and technological foundations for a sustainable future.