Germany's Green Hydrogen Import Potential for Energy Transition
Key Ideas
  • Germany aims to cover a significant share of its energy needs with green hydrogen imports by mid-2030s, focusing on highly polluting sectors.
  • Hydrogen is seen as crucial for Germany's energy transition, with projections showing it could cover 11.2% of the country's energy demand by 2035.
  • To achieve this, Germany plans to import green and blue hydrogen via pipelines, leveraging existing infrastructure in Europe to reach up to 100 TWh annually.
  • The study emphasizes the importance of securing a cost-effective renewable hydrogen supply through quick agreements on cost-sharing and future demand assurances.
Germany is looking to enhance its use of hydrogen as an energy source to reduce greenhouse emissions in sectors like steel and chemicals. A recent study by Agora Energiewende and Agora Industry suggests that by the mid-2030s, Germany could potentially import up to 100 TWh of green hydrogen annually from neighboring countries, covering a significant portion of its energy needs. The country aims to shift towards green hydrogen production, derived from solar and wind power, to support its energy transition. The study outlines that by 2035, hydrogen could satisfy over 11% of Germany's total energy demand. However, due to limited renewable energy resources, Germany anticipates importing 50-70% of its hydrogen requirements. Current hydrogen usage in Germany relies heavily on fossil fuels, but the goal is to transition to green and blue hydrogen production. The study highlights potential pipeline routes for hydrogen imports, including those from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland in the North, and potentially from Southern Europe and North Africa in the long term. To realize this import potential, Germany needs to establish a financing model and secure future demand agreements. Overall, the study showcases the positive outlook for hydrogen in Germany's energy landscape and the crucial role it plays in achieving climate neutrality.
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