Exoplanet with Massive Gas Tail: A Fascinating Discovery
Key Ideas
- Astrophysicists discovered exoplanet WASP-69 b with a 563,000 km gas tail, shaped by intense radiation from its star.
- The planet experiences significant atmospheric loss of about 200,000 tons per second, mainly hydrogen and helium, due to photoevaporation.
- The research, led by Dakotah Tyler from UCLA, provides insights into planetary evolution and interactions with stars.
- The observed gas tail is seven times longer than the planet itself, offering a unique opportunity for studying stellar influence on planetary atmospheres.
Astrophysicists have made a groundbreaking discovery regarding the exoplanet WASP-69 b, revealing that it possesses a comet-like tail of gas extending approximately 563,000 kilometers. This tail is formed as the planet, a hot Jupiter located 160 light-years from Earth, loses its atmosphere due to intense radiation from its host star. The findings were published in The Astrophysical Journal by a team led by Dakotah Tyler from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). WASP-69 b, classified as a hot Jupiter, is characterized by its massive size and close orbit around its star, completing a revolution in just 3.9 days. The planet is experiencing significant atmospheric loss—about 200,000 tons per second—primarily composed of light gases such as hydrogen and helium through a process known as photoevaporation. This phenomenon occurs when stellar radiation heats the planet's outer atmosphere, allowing these gases to escape into space. The escaping gases are shaped into a tail by the stellar wind, a continuous stream of charged particles emitted from the star's corona. While the planet is losing considerable gas, it is not at risk of being stripped entirely of its atmosphere. Dakotah Tyler noted that the stellar wind not only facilitates gas escape but also influences its shape, creating a structured tail. This unique observation provides an opportunity for scientists to study how stellar activity affects planetary atmospheres. The research enhances our understanding of planetary evolution and interactions with stars, offering insights into long-term changes. As astronomers continue studying the exoplanet and its gas tail, they aim to unravel more mysteries about these phenomena across different exoplanets and their associated stellar environments.