The Economic Survey of 2023-24 presented in the Indian Parliament by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman provides a detailed insight into India's energy landscape and climate change response. While projecting a continued role for coal in meeting energy demand, the survey applauds India's advancements in renewable energy, such as achieving a significant solar energy capacity milestone. The survey highlights India's success in reducing carbon emissions intensity and emphasizes the necessity of international finance to reach the ambitious net-zero emissions target set for 2070, estimating a substantial investment requirement. Despite the financial gap, India has met numerous targets in its climate commitments, with a significant portion of green finance originating domestically. India's progress includes surpassing the target for non-fossil fuel sources in the energy mix ahead of schedule and aiming to meet carbon sink requirements by 2030. The report stresses the importance of a balanced energy transition incorporating various sources like hydro, solar, wind, and green hydrogen. Additionally, it mentions investments in clean coal technologies to mitigate emissions from thermal power plants. However, challenges lie in ensuring uninterrupted electricity supply from renewables and avoiding over-reliance on imports, especially in solar PV panels. The survey underlines the geopolitical implications of such dependencies and advocates for a holistic approach that addresses both climate change and development goals. In conclusion, the survey advocates for a balanced response to climate change while addressing poverty and inequality. It criticizes the global focus on carbon emissions reduction, cautioning against blindly replicating policies without considering individual country contexts. India's approach aims to navigate the complexities of sustainable development while ensuring energy security and environmental sustainability.