Toyota, a key player in the automotive industry, is challenging the trend towards hydrogen and electric-powered systems by developing internal combustion engines fueled by ethanol. This decision, in collaboration with Mazda and Subaru, aims to capitalize on ethanol's versatility and cost-effectiveness compared to hydrogen. Ethanol, known for cleaner combustion than gasoline and economic benefits for agricultural communities, offers adaptability in fuel blends and easy modification for traditional engines. On the other hand, hydrogen stands out for being carbon emission-free and more efficient in energy conversion. Despite the advantages of hydrogen, India has embraced Toyota's ethanol-powered vehicle to meet low carbon emission targets, promote local production, and reduce reliance on imported fuel. This shift towards ethanol underscores its economic potential and regional adaptability amidst the global push for reduced emissions and sustainable fuel infrastructure.