Germany's Green Hydrogen Import Strategy for Energy Transition
Key Ideas
  • Germany plans to import up to 100 TWh of green hydrogen by the mid-2030s to cover 11.2% of its energy demand, focusing on reducing greenhouse emissions and fossil fuel dependency.
  • The country aims to produce 11 TWh of hydrogen domestically by 2030 and import green and blue hydrogen to meet a projected total demand of 95-130 TWh by the end of the decade.
  • Key considerations for Germany's hydrogen strategy include securing cost-effective renewable hydrogen, establishing financing models, and reaching agreements on cost-sharing with other countries.
  • Potential pipeline corridors for hydrogen imports include connections with Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Southern Europe, North Africa, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Algeria, Greece, and Ukraine.
A study by Agora Energiewende and Agora Industry think-tanks in Berlin suggests that Germany could import up to 100 TWh of green hydrogen from neighbouring countries by the mid-2030s. This would address 11.2% of Germany's projected energy demand by 2035, aiding in reducing greenhouse emissions and decreasing reliance on imported fossil fuels. To achieve this, Germany plans to expand the use of hydrogen as an energy source, focusing on industrial sectors like steel and chemicals. Green hydrogen, produced from solar and wind power, is set to play a crucial role in the country's energy transition. However, due to limited renewable energy resources domestically, Germany will need to import a significant portion of its hydrogen, with estimates indicating a need for 50-70% to be imported. The study foresees Germany producing 11 TWh of hydrogen domestically by 2030 and importing green and blue hydrogen to meet a projected demand of 95-130 TWh by the end of the decade. This ambitious plan emphasizes the importance of securing a cost-effective and secure supply of renewable hydrogen, requiring collaboration and agreements on cost-sharing with other European countries. Potential pipeline corridors for imports include connections from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Southern Europe, North Africa, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Algeria, Greece, and Ukraine, highlighting the pan-European scope of the hydrogen strategy.
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