The article discusses Japan's proactive approach to overseas resource investments, particularly in green fuels such as hydrogen, highlighting collaborations between Japan's public institution JOGMEC and private companies like Mitsubishi. This year, JOGMEC partnered with Mitsubishi to invest in Infinium, a U.S. energy company specializing in e-fuel technology that synthesizes hydrogen with carbon dioxide to produce green fuels like gasoline and diesel. Japan's resource development efforts are a strategic response to secure future energy sources like hydrogen, ammonia, and rare minerals worldwide, surpassing Korea's resource development rate by more than double. Japan's JOGMEC plays a central role in overseas resource development since its establishment in 2004, facilitating investments, funding, and technology support for up to 75% of projects. The collaboration extends to leading general corporations like Mitsui C&T and Itochu Corporation, leveraging their global networks for resource acquisition. By showcasing initiatives like the Mozambique LNG project and investments in rare earth companies, Japan demonstrates a comprehensive approach to secure resources. In contrast, Korea's overseas resource investments, managed by the Korea Mining Authority, have faced obstacles as the government shifted focus from overseas projects to stabilize public enterprises' financial soundness. This move has limited Korea's public sector involvement, directing the responsibility towards private companies for resource development. However, experts stress the importance of public-private partnerships to ensure a stable resource supply chain amidst geopolitical tensions and the 'weaponization of resources' trends. The article addresses the changing dynamics in global resource procurement, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts between public institutions and private enterprises to navigate challenges and secure sustainable resource supplies. As countries like the U.S. and China heighten their resource strategies, the role of public-private partnerships in resource development becomes increasingly crucial for ensuring long-term stability and security.