Australia's largest ironmaking electric smelting furnace (ESF) pilot plant, Project NeoSmelt, is set to be constructed in the Kwinana Industrial Area south of Perth, Western Australia. The project, led by a consortium that includes BlueScope, BHP, Rio Tinto, and Woodside Energy, aims to produce 30,000 to 40,000 tonnes of molten iron annually using direct reduced iron (DRI)-ESF technology, eliminating the need for metallurgical coal. Woodside Energy's H2Perth project will provide blue and green hydrogen for the steelmaking process, facilitating the reduction of emissions. BlueScope, as the project manager, leverages its expertise in iron and steelmaking to scale up the pilot plant quickly. The NeoSmelt project is expected to reduce CO2 emissions intensity by up to 80%, offering a promising pathway to decarbonize iron and steel production at scale. The government of Western Australia views NeoSmelt as a significant step in cutting emissions from steel production, creating more jobs in the processing sector and ensuring a sustainable future for the iron ore industry. With a target for feasibility studies in 2025 and operations to begin in 2028, NeoSmelt aims to revolutionize iron and steel production, aligning with global efforts to achieve zero emissions in the steel industry.