Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon in Germany have developed an artificial gill system that extracts oxygen from seawater to power robotic sea gliders, leading to extended and efficient ocean exploration missions. This innovation employs a proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, with hydrogen stored in metal hydride, offering a sustainable alternative to lithium batteries typically used in such applications. The system's membrane technology, inspired by fish gills, allows for efficient oxygen extraction from seawater while preventing the passage of liquid water. By replacing the need for onboard oxygen storage, the system achieves higher energy density and lower operating costs, ultimately enabling longer operation periods for ocean gliders. The membrane module, a key innovation in the system, plays a crucial role in supplying oxygen efficiently, resembling fish gills in its function. The researchers highlight the potential of their design as a promising alternative to traditional batteries for extended ocean glider missions, emphasizing increased efficiency and sustainability in ocean exploration. Published in the journal Advanced Science, this research signifies a significant step towards environmentally friendly and technologically advanced methods in marine science and robotics.