The Grangemouth oil refinery in Scotland is set to close later this year, leading to the loss of at least 400 jobs. However, a report by EY commissioned by the Scottish and UK governments outlines Project Willow, a transition plan to repurpose the site for sustainable production. The proposals include initiatives like hydrogen production, plastic recycling, biofuels, and renewable fuel production. The UK government has pledged a £200m investment to support Project Willow, with a focus on attracting private sector investments to drive economic growth and job creation in the area. EY estimates that the project could create over 1,100 long-term jobs by 2040, though operational jobs may not materialize until 2027. The report highlights the importance of government support, energy market reforms, and overcoming challenges like varying capital investments needed for different projects. While the projects may only contribute to a 0.4% reduction in UK emissions compared to 1990 levels, they hold promise for sector-specific reductions, such as in shipping emissions. Efforts are underway to expedite the projects, with both the Scottish and UK governments offering financial support and training guarantees for affected refinery staff.