The study explores the use of Microbial Electrolysis Cells (MECs) as a groundbreaking technology for sustainable hydrogen production by leveraging bioelectrochemical processes. Conducted by researchers from Sapienza University of Rome in Italy and the Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology in Spain, the research focused on a single-chamber cathodic MEC system with a cation exchange membrane. The system was fed a synthetic carbonaceous solution at specific operational parameters, achieving promising results. Notably, no methanogenic activity was observed, attributed to the establishment of an alkaline pH in the cathodic chamber. Under the study conditions, the MEC system demonstrated excellent performance, including a current density of approximately 115 A/m3 and a hydrogen production rate of 1.28 m3/m3d. Despite a slightly higher energy consumption compared to conventional electrolysis, the system showcased an average energy efficiency of 85% during steady-state operation. These findings highlight the potential of MECs as a viable and sustainable approach for biohydrogen production. The article emphasizes the importance of transitioning to cleaner energy sources to combat climate change, with a specific focus on hydrogen production methods. While traditional methods like steam methane reforming contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, green hydrogen produced through water electrolysis with renewable energy sources offers a more environmentally friendly alternative. This aligns with the European Union's goals for carbon neutrality and fosters innovation in renewable energy technologies. Overall, the study underscores the significance of innovative technologies like MECs in advancing green hydrogen production and supporting the shift towards sustainable and low-carbon energy solutions in the global effort to address climate change.