The University of São Paulo has successfully completed the construction of the world's first ethanol-to-hydrogen conversion plant, located on its main campus in São Paulo, Brazil. This innovative project, led by the Research Center for Greenhouse Gas Innovation (RCGI) in collaboration with FAPESP and Shell, aims to produce renewable hydrogen fuel to power public transportation vehicles and reduce carbon emissions. The plant will initially generate 4.5 kilograms of hydrogen per hour, with a daily capacity of around 100 kg, to supply three city buses and a road bus that can travel 450 kilometers between São Paulo and Piracicaba. The conversion process involves heating ethanol and water to 750°C within a reformer to produce hydrogen and biogenic carbon monoxide. The technology, developed by startup Hytron with FAPESP's support, demonstrates competitive cost-efficiency, requiring 7 liters of ethanol to produce 1 kg of hydrogen. The hydrogen produced is then purified to 99.999% purity and compressed for storage in tanks, providing fuel for buses and a Toyota Mirai vehicle. Researchers at RCGI plan to assess the environmental impact and vehicle efficiency of hydrogen-powered buses compared to diesel counterparts. The project also addresses operational challenges, such as managing hydrogen production efficiency and utilization. The initiative highlights Brazil's commitment to sustainable energy solutions and the urgent need to address climate change by transitioning to cleaner fuel sources.