DLR Institute Develops Cutting-Edge Fuel Cell Systems for Next-Gen Transport
Key Ideas
- DLR's BALIS project focuses on testing fuel cell systems up to 1.5 megawatts for various transport modes, with emphasis on megawatt propulsion systems for heavy-duty applications.
- The test field in Empfingen allows for the analysis of individual components or entire powertrains, including a unique megawatt performance class electric drive system.
- DLR is actively researching the behavior and optimization of the megawatt drive system, along with handling large quantities of liquid hydrogen, essential for operation efficiency.
- The BALIS project has received substantial funding from the Federal Ministry for Digital and Transport Affairs and engages in partnerships with industry leaders to advance fuel cell technology for aviation and heavy-duty transport.
The DLR Institute of Technical Thermodynamics in Germany is spearheading the development of cutting-edge fuel cell systems for the future of transportation. The BALIS project, initiated in 2021, focuses on creating fuel cell systems with an output of around 1.5 megawatts, particularly targeting fuel cell drives for various modes of transport. The project's test field, located at the Empfingen Innovation Campus in the northern Black Forest, will facilitate testing of innovative fuel cell systems that are not yet available on the market. This modular test field will allow detailed analysis of individual components and entire powertrains. Noteworthy is the creation of a megawatt performance class electric drive system, comprising a fuel cell system, hydrogen tank, electric motor, control components, and power electronics, a first in the industry.
The research primarily concentrates on optimizing the megawatt drive system for stable operation under different load scenarios. Additionally, the project focuses on efficiently handling large quantities of liquid hydrogen ('LH2') for propulsion system operation. DLR is investing in a test tank and refueling infrastructure with additional funding to support this aspect of the project.
The Federal Ministry has subsidized the BALIS project with 26 million euros, enabling collaborations with industry players like H2FLY, PowerCell, Compact Dynamics, and Air Liquide for research and innovation. Notable collaborations extend to the aviation sector with companies such as Diehl Aerospace, GE Aerospace, and Deutsche Aircraft. The project's successor, BALIS 2.0, led by H2FLY with DLR and Diehl Aerospace as partners, aims to develop a 350 kW aviation-compatible fuel cell module, a stepping stone for future megawatt propulsion systems. Ground tests for the 350 kW fuel cell system are planned for 2025, showcasing advancements towards zero-emission commercial aircraft. The project has received further funding from the German Federal Ministry for Digital and Transport Affairs to support its goals and development.