DNV's whitepaper addresses the evolving regulatory landscape and safe implementation of ammonia and hydrogen fuels in the maritime industry. Both fuels introduce new safety risks, necessitating a focus on safety in ship design, construction, and operation. The absence of specific international regulations for these fuels is identified as a barrier to widespread adoption. Safety considerations for ammonia and hydrogen highlight challenges in bunkering operations, onboard fuel storage, energy conversion, and maintenance. The integration of these fuels impacts ship arrangement, requiring new design solutions and independent storage tanks. Seafarers need to understand the hazards associated with these fuels for safe operation. The use of ammonia and hydrogen fuels influences the entire Safety Management System on ships, requiring changes in operational procedures and emergency preparedness. The ISM Code sets clear objectives for shipboard operations, including specific procedures for maintenance, operational handling, and emergency preparedness related to gas installations. Training and competence requirements for crew members align with the IGF Code and STCW standards, emphasizing the need for new competencies to support decarbonization goals and ensure safe operations in the shipping industry.