India's Green Hydrogen Revolution: Setting the Stage for a Clean Energy Future
Key Ideas
  • India is strategically focusing on Green Hydrogen (GH2) and Green Ammonia (GNH3) as clean and emission-free fuels to achieve net zero goals by 2070.
  • The National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to make India a global hub for GH2 production, targeting a capacity addition of ~125GW by 2030 and full substitution of grey hydrogen by GH2 by 2030.
  • Challenges such as cost economics, regulatory uncertainty, and supply limitations are being addressed through the NGHM, offering incentives and subsidies to drive industry participation and technological innovation.
  • The Green Hydrogen Certification Scheme of India aims to regulate GH2 production, enhance transparency, and establish a robust verification-based approach to ensure environmental integrity in the sector.
India is intensifying its efforts towards achieving net zero emissions by 2070, with a strong focus on clean energy transition and energy efficiency. One of the key strategies in this pursuit is the promotion of Green Hydrogen (GH2) and its derivatives like Green Ammonia (GNH3). GH2, produced through electrolysis using renewable energy sources, is seen as a pivotal element in decarbonization and aligns well with India's net zero objectives. The government has rolled out policies and initiatives to support the growth of GH2 and GNH3 sectors. The Green Hydrogen Policy and the National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) have introduced measures to encourage manufacturing in renewable energy parks, waive transmission charges, and include GH2 in Renewable Purchase Obligation. The NGHM, launched by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, aims to establish India as a global production and export hub for GH2 and its derivatives by 2030. Despite the potential of GH2 and GNH3 in reducing carbon emissions, challenges such as high production costs and infrastructure limitations exist. The NGHM addresses these obstacles by offering substantial subsidies and incentives to boost industry involvement and foster technological advancements. Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) is leading the implementation of the Strategic Interventions for Green Hydrogen Transition under NGHM. Furthermore, the Green Hydrogen Certification Scheme of India is being developed to ensure the credibility and environmental integrity of GH2 production. This scheme, overseen by designated agencies accredited by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, will establish guidelines for emissions calculation, certification processes, and monitoring requirements to enhance transparency and accountability in the sector. India's proactive approach towards GH2 and GNH3 signifies a significant step towards a sustainable energy future, aiming to transition from grey hydrogen to clean and renewable alternatives, ultimately contributing to global efforts in combating climate change.
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