China's Energy Law 2025, effective as of January 1, 2025, is a groundbreaking legislation aimed at fostering renewable energy development, ensuring energy security, and driving the energy transition in China. The law signifies a significant step towards achieving the country's carbon neutrality objectives and balancing the use of fossil fuels with non-fossil energy sources. It went through a meticulous legislative process over several years, culminating in its approval in November 2024. The law places a strong emphasis on the development of renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydrogen to decrease reliance on fossil fuels and bolster energy security. Notably, it recognizes hydrogen as an energy source, displaying China's intent to regulate new energy technologies effectively. Additionally, the legislation mandates the establishment of long-term renewable energy goals, monitoring of progress, and the promotion of scientific and technological innovation in renewable energy and hydrogen sectors. While highlighting the importance of renewable energy, the law also acknowledges the significance of fossil fuels in China's energy strategy to maintain energy supply and security. It promotes the 'reasonable' development of coal, oil, and natural gas, focusing on clean and efficient utilization through advanced technologies. The legislation introduces mechanisms like green electricity certificates to encourage renewable energy consumption and prioritizes clean energy use in public institutions. Despite the emphasis on fossil fuels, the law's provisions reflect China's commitment to achieving carbon neutrality and emissions peak. It introduces measures to retaliate against discriminatory energy policies by other countries and underscores the country's efforts to balance fossil fuel reliance with renewable energy sources effectively. The law's comprehensive nature signifies China's proactive approach to shaping the future of energy and ensuring a sustainable energy sector for the world's largest producer and consumer.