The heavy-duty transportation sector faces the challenge of decarbonization, with a shift towards greener alternatives post-Paris Agreement. Electrification of fleets by manufacturers like Volvo and Daimler shows promise in emissions reduction, though affordability and charging infrastructure hurdles persist. Hydrogen fuel presents a viable solution for long-haul transport due to quick refueling, but cost and storage inefficiencies require innovative approaches like reticular materials for hydrogen storage. Collaborative freight transport offers an efficient way to optimize costs and emissions, while biofuels serve as a transitional solution for existing diesel engines. Initiatives like the UAE's National Policy on Biofuels aim to reduce carbon emissions, emphasizing sustainability and affordability through the use of waste products and blending mandates.