Recent research has focused on the potential of hydrogen, battery, and hybrid technologies as energy carriers in aviation, with a specific emphasis on safety challenges. The integration of these technologies in aircraft propulsion and distribution units has introduced new complexities, addressed through safety risk assessments using tools like Bowtie. This method visualizes hazards, threats, controls, and outcomes to effectively manage risks. Highlighting the importance of safety communication in the aviation sector, the article emphasizes the need to address challenges associated with electrification and autonomy in new technologies. The Bowtie safety assessment delves into hazards related to eVTOL and hydrogen-retrofit aircraft design, showcasing the intricate balance between risk mitigation and design innovation. eVTOL design focuses on mitigating threats like loss of thrust, structural failures, bird strikes, and electrical failures through redundancy, crashworthiness measures, and thermal management systems. On the other hand, hydrogen retrofit design offers insights into the integration of storage tanks in turboprop aircraft for decarbonization, driving innovation in fuel cell propulsion technology for future hydrogen-powered aircraft.