The Role of Natural Gas in the Global Energy Transition: A Bridge to the Future
Key Ideas
- Natural gas is positioned as a crucial transition fuel between coal and renewables, offering flexibility and lower emissions in industries like power generation and transport.
- Countries in Southeast Asia and key markets like China and India are expected to significantly increase their natural gas usage to reduce coal dependency and support economic growth.
- While concerns exist over methane emissions and fossil fuel status, the report highlights the role of natural gas in enabling low-carbon technologies like carbon capture and blue hydrogen.
- Wood Mackenzie emphasizes the need for governments to balance net-zero goals with energy security, ensuring that natural gas remains a viable option alongside renewables and emerging technologies.
A new report by Wood Mackenzie emphasizes the critical role of natural gas in the ongoing global energy transition. Despite concerns over emissions and affordability, natural gas is projected to continue as a key component of the energy mix, especially in power generation, industrial processes, and transport. The report notes that natural gas demand has significantly increased over the last 25 years, with a particular surge in Southeast Asia and key markets like China and India.
Natural gas is seen as a bridge fuel that offers flexibility, reliability, and a lower-carbon alternative to coal, which still plays a significant role in global energy needs. The report highlights the importance of natural gas in supporting economic growth in countries like Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, China, and India.
In addition to power generation, natural gas is also facilitating the adoption of low-carbon technologies such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) and blue hydrogen. While green hydrogen remains expensive for large-scale deployment, blue hydrogen, produced from natural gas with CCS, is expected to drive early adoption.
Despite its advantages, natural gas still faces challenges due to methane emissions and its fossil fuel status. Wood Mackenzie suggests that addressing LNG supply chain emissions and promoting alternatives like biomethane and e-methane will be pivotal in ensuring the long-term role of natural gas.
The report underscores the importance of governments finding a balance between net-zero emission objectives and energy security, highlighting the need for natural gas to remain a viable option if renewable sources and emerging technologies do not scale quickly enough. With the anticipation of a new wave of LNG supply in 2026, market dynamics may shift to make natural gas more affordable, solidifying its position as a crucial transition fuel.