IEA's Global Hydrogen Review 2024: Insights and Challenges in Low-emissions Hydrogen Sector
Key Ideas
- Global hydrogen demand rose to 97Mt in 2023, with a 2.5% increase from 2022, showcasing a growing interest in low-emissions hydrogen.
- Despite challenges like regulatory uncertainties and cost pressures, there is a significant increase in projects with potential to scale up low-emissions hydrogen production by 2030.
- Government targets for hydrogen production by 2030 surpass demand targets, highlighting the need for policies stimulating demand and cost reduction efforts in the sector.
- Emerging markets like Africa and Latin America hold promise for low-cost hydrogen production, with support from advanced economies being crucial for project development.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) recently released its Global Hydrogen Review 2024, unveiling insights and challenges in the low-emissions hydrogen sector. The report indicates a positive trend in global hydrogen demand, reaching 97Mt in 2023, with a 2.5% increase from the previous year. Despite obstacles like regulatory uncertainties and cost pressures, there has been a surge in projects showing potential to boost low-emissions hydrogen production significantly by 2030.
One of the key findings is the discrepancy between government-set targets for hydrogen production and actual demand targets by 2030. While government goals aim for 43mn tonnes per year in production, demand targets only total 11mn tonnes, emphasizing the necessity for policies to drive demand and reduce costs within the sector.
The report also highlights the importance of addressing technology and production cost pressures, particularly with electrolysers facing setbacks due to high prices and supply chain constraints. To achieve cost reductions, advancements in technology, deployment processes optimization, and transitioning to mass manufacturing are essential.
Furthermore, the IEA emphasizes the potential of emerging markets and developing economies, especially in Africa and Latin America, for low-cost, low-emissions hydrogen production. However, unlocking this potential requires targeted support from advanced economies and development banks to overcome challenges like financing.
In conclusion, the IEA's Global Hydrogen Review 2024 underscores the positive investor interest in low-emissions hydrogen projects, the crucial need for clear regulations and demand stimulation policies, and the significant opportunities present in emerging markets for hydrogen production.